Between 1846 and 1873, California’s Indian population plunged from perhaps 150,000 to 30,000. Benjamin Madley is the first historian to uncover the full exten

In the second half of the nineteenth century, the Euro-American citizenry of California carried out mass genocide against the Native population of their state,

Popular media depict miners as a rough-and-tumble lot who diligently worked the placers along scenic rushing rivers while living in roaring mining camps in the

"This is a history of the clash between the White settlers and the Native Americans in what is now an affluent county in California. The frontier wars gave land