Presently, many of the greatest debates and controversies in international criminal law concern modes of liability for international crimes. The state of the la

This book offers an in-depth study of the command responsibility doctrine, pursuant to which military commanders and civilian leaders can be held responsible fo

In the course of the 20th and 21st centuries, major offences committed by individuals have been subject to progressive systematisation in the framework of inter

Atrocities such as genocide or crimes against humanity are usually committed by a large number of perpetrators. Moreover, those who masterminded the crimes may

This book is concerned with the commercial exploitation of armed conflict; it is about money, war, atrocities and economic actors, about the connections between