Here Bushnell contends for what has come to be known as the moral view of the Atonement, as distinct from the governmental, penal and satisfaction theories. His

In recent decades, the church and academy have witnessed intense debates concerning the concept of penal substitution to describe Christ's atoning sacrifice. So

Many Christians seek the meaning behind the death of Jesus Christ. In The Vicarious, Sacrificial, Atoning Death of Jesus Christ, author Fr. Steven Scherrer expl